CBT for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)

Educational content only. If there are urges toward self‑harm or unsafe body‑focused behaviors, seek urgent care. See our Medical Disclaimer.

Overview

BDD involves preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance, compulsive checking or camouflaging, and significant distress/impairment. Safety behaviors maintain focus on the perceived defect.

Why CBT helps

Exposure and ritual prevention: reduce checking, camouflaging, and mirror rituals.
Mirror retraining: broaden attention and adopt compassionate, whole‑image viewing.
Belief updating: challenge standards and over‑importance of appearance.

Journaling prompts

Trigger → ritual urge → chosen delay/alternative → outcome.
What did I notice when I viewed my whole image for 2 minutes without camouflaging?
How does this belief treat me vs. how would I treat a friend?

Use thought records in How to Journal.

Selected readings

Veale, D. & Neziroglu, F. Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Treatment Manual.
National guidelines on BDD assessment and exposure/response prevention.

When to seek care

BDD often benefits from specialized CBT; coordinate with clinicians for safety and comprehensive care.